Post-Soviet Historiography of State Activity in the Field of Agricultural Development in the Russian Empire in the 19^th Century

   The article analyzes the works of modern domestic researches of the Russian agricultural school formation. The specifics of historiography at the present stays are determined on the basis of the historical system method with the use of a concrete historical approach. Two main direction of scientific thought have been identified. The lower agricultural school as a tool for the transformation of the Russian village is presented in the studies of scientists of the southern Russian chernozem regions (M.D. Kniga, A.V. Tretiakov). In addition, the issues of the dissemination of agricultural education are considered from the standpoint of the study of women’s education (L.A. Bessmertnaya) and extracurricular forms of teaching. Extracurricular forms of dissemination of agricultural knowledge include research on the formation of experimental farming. Comprehensive investigation of the stages of the formation of the case was conducted by E.U. Elina. As a system of education institutions the Russian agricultural school was considered by scientists within the framework of regional studies (Y.V. Chudnocets) and at the all-Russian level (P.V. Vasiliev, N.A. Pichuzhkin). The second major area of research is the activity of public agricultural organizations and the definitions of the role of public initiative in the formation of the agricultural education system. The largest studies of the activities of the Moscow Society of agriculture were the works by S.A. Kozlov and A.A. Kurenyshev aimed, among other things, at identifying the contribution of the Society to the formation of the Russian agronomic scientific school. In addition, scientists have made attempts to analyze the role of public initiative in the issue of developing a strategy for the development of agricultural education. N.V. Panina analyzed the role of congresses of figures on the development of vocational education. V.N. Plaxin, as a part of comprehensive study of the agricultural education formation in the Chernozem region, investigated the importance of the Institute of Zemstvo agronomy in improving the agriculture of the region.

1. Vasil’ev V.P., Pichuzhkin N.A. (2017) Stanovlenie i razvitie sistemy agrarnogo obrazovaniya v Rossii (XIX – nachalo XX veka) [Formation and development of agricultural education in Russia (19 – early 20 century)]. Moscow: OOO “UMTs “Triada”.

2. Goncharov N.P. (2012) State Agrarian Science in Russia (On the 175th Anniversary of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Science). Istoriko-biologicheskiye issledovaniya. Vol. 4. No. 3. P. 10–33.

3. Elina E.U. (2008) Ot tsarskikh sadov dosovetskikh poley: istoriya sel’skokhozyaystvennykh opytnykh uchrezhdeniy XVIII – 20-e gody XX vv.: v 2 t. [From the royal gardens of the Pre-Soviet fields: The history of agricultural experimental instructions of the 18th – 20s of the 20th centuries^ in 2 vol.]. Moscow: Rossiyskaya academiya nauk.

4. Esikov S.A. Esikova M.M. (2008) Sel’skokhozyaystvennoye prosveshcheniye i agrarnaya kul’tura Rossii v kontse XIX – nachale XX vekov (1880–1917 gg.). [Agricultural education and agrarian culture of Russia in the late 19 – early 20 centuries (1880–1917)]. Saint Petersburg: Nestor.

5. Fursov V.N., Kniga M.D. (2017) Agricultural Education in Russian Empire: Formation Stage. Izvestiya Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. No. 1(274). P. 115–117.

6. Kabanenko M.N., Ugrimova S.N. (2019) The Potential of Ensuring Food Security of Russia. Fundamental’nyye issledovaniya. No. 5. P. 40–44.

7. Kniga M.D. (2009) Gosudarstvo i sel’skokhozyaystvennyye opytnyye uchrezhdeniya Rossii (konets XIX – nachalo XX vv.) [State and agricultural experimental institutions of Russia (late 19 – early 20 centuries].

8. Nauchnyye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya. Politologiya. No. 7(62). P. 158–163.

9. Kniga M.D. (2015) The Initiatory Steps of the Ministry of Agriculture and State Property in the Sphere of Agricultural Education in the Russian Empire in the Ninetieth of the XIX Century. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. No. 4(47). P. 308–313.

10. Kniga M.D. (2016a) The Historical Experience of the First Agricultural Institutions of the Russian Empire (XIX century). Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. No. 3(29). P. 32–37.

11. Kniga M.D. (2016b) Forms of Extracurricular Agricultural Education Organization in the Russian Empire. Istoricheskiye, filosofskiye, politicheskiye i yuridicheskiye nauki, kul’turologiya i iskusstvovedeniye. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. No. 12–2(74). P. 85–87.

12. Kniga M.D. (2020) Agricultural Education and Changes in the Voronezh Rural Regions during the Stolypin Reform. Ezhegodnik po agrarnoy istorii Vostochnoy Evropy. No. 1. P. 109–115.

13. Kozlov S.A. (2020) “Sluzheniye interesam vsey strany”: Moskovskoye obshchestvo sel’skogo khozyaystva (1820–1930 gg.) : v 3 tomakh [“Serving the interest of the whole country”: Moscow society of agricultural

14. (1820–1930): in 3 vol.]. М.; SPb: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ. Vol. 1.

15. Panina N.V. (2014) Congresses of Russian Leaders in Technical and Vocation Education and Their Role in Skilled Personnel Training. Vestnik Severnogo (Arkticheskogo) federal’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnyye i sotsial’nyye nauki. No. 5. P. 16–22.

16. Plaksin V.N. (2004) Rol’ i znacheniye obshchestvennoy initsiativy v istorii sel’skogo khozyaystva Rossii kontsa XIX – nachala XX vv. [Importance of public initiatives in the history of Russian agricultural in the late 19 – early 20 centuries]. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. No. 1(1). P. 49–51.

17. Plaksin V.N. (2018) State Initiatives in the Field of Agronomic Assistance to the Russian Peasantry (90–ies of the XIX^th – beginning of the XXth centuries). Teoriya i praktika innovatsionnykh tekhnologiy v APK : Materialy nauchnoy i uchebno-metodicheskoy konferentsii nauchno-pedagogicheskikh rabotnikov i aspirantov VGAU. Voronezh: Voronezhskiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet im. Imperatora Petra I. P. 33–37.

18. Plaksin V.N. (2019) Zemskaya uchastkovaya agronomiya v istorii otechestvennogo sel’skogo khozyaystva nachala XX veka [Zemstvo district agronomy in the history of domestic agriculture in the early 20 century]. Nauka, obrazovaniye i innovatsii v sovremennom mire (noi-2019) : Materialy Natsional’noy nauchnoy konferentsii Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta imeni imperatora Petra I. Voronezh: Voronezhskiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet im. Imperatora Petra I. Part II. P. 63–68.

19. Plaksin V.N. (2020) Russian Civil Legislation of the First Half of the XIX Century as Evidence of the Completion of the Registration of the State Agricultural Policy. Teoriya i praktika innovatsionnykh tekhnologiy v APK : Materialy natsional’noy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii,. Voronezh: Voronezhskiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet im. Imperatora Petra I. P. 3–7.

20. Pyltcina M.V. (2017) Agricultural Institutions in the Countries of Western Europe in the XIX Century: Dialogue between the State and Society. Sel’skoye khozyaystvo. No. 4. P. 77–82. DOI: 10.7256/2453-8809.2017.4.26703

21. Ryzhkova E.V., Fadeeva O.M., Shirokorad I.I. (2020) Formation and Development of Higher Agricultural Education in Russia (XIX – early XX centuries). Mezhdunarodnyy sel’skokhozyaystvennyy zhurnal. No. 5(377). P. 66–68. DOI: 10.24411/2587-6740-2020-15096

22. Tretyakov A.V. (1997) Nizshaya sel’skokhozyaystvennaya shkola poreformennoy Rossii: faktory razvitiya [The lower agricultural school of post reform Russia: Factors of development]. Kursk: Izd. Kurskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta.

23. Tretyakov A.V. (1998) Nizshaya shkola sel’skogo khozyaystva Rossii v kontse XIX – nachale XX vekov [The lower school of agricultural in Russia in the late 19 – early 20 centuries] Kursk: Izd. Kurskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta.

24. Tretyakov A.V. (2017) Educational Agricultural Legislation of Post-Reform Russia — the Result of Reforms 60–70-ies of the XIX century. Bereginya. 777. Sova. No.4(35). P. 18–26.

25. Yurchenko N.A., Konstantinov A.A., Ovchinnikov V.I., Rubanov V.V. (2013) Kadrovyy golod v APK [Staff shortage in the agro-industrial complex]. Professional’noye obrazovaniye i rynok truda. No. 4. P. 22–26.