Business Ecosystem and Its Impact on Public Administration of Business Activities: Theoretical Overview of the Subject Area

The article explores one of two dominant business models of the digital economy — a business ecosystem based on a digital platform and capable of providing digital technologies to individual ecosystems for rapid business scaling at the level of state and municipal management. The necessity of using the population-ecological approach as a conceptual framework explaining on which factors the number and distribution of organizations in the ecosystem depends is substantiated. The essence of the biological ecosystem and the similarity of the digital business ecosystem with it are revealed (using the example of a coral reef). The interpretation of the three principles between which there is a relationship and which should be followed when building a business ecosystem in order to build a successful business is given as well as the difference between a minimally viable ecosystem and a minimally viable product. A comparative analysis of the key types of business ecosystems, their goals and differences within the framework of state and municipal management is presented. As a result, the advantages and disadvantages of the business ecosystem in comparison with other management models (vertically integrated model, hierarchical supply chain and open market model) are revealed. Special attention is paid to the identification and analysis of key factors that are common to successful (according to the coordinator) digital business ecosystems. Due to the complexity of the object of analysis, it is shown that the members of the state administrative apparatus do not yet fully understand the factors that ensure the success of business ecosystems and this problem needs further research. Thus, it is found out in which situations the business ecosystem is a more preferable model of state and municipal management compared to other management models, and it is concluded that in the future its importance in business will only increase.

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